Regency Gentlemen Amusements Essay - 715 Words

Regency Gentlemen Amusements The Regency Era, generally referring to the time period of 1800-1820, was undeniably a time of pleasure seeking and over-indulgence. The Regency era represented a time when the current ruler, mad King George III, was incapable of performing his royal duties. Due to his madness, the King’s son the Prince of Wales, a Regent and heir to the throne, was appointed to govern. The Prince of Wales was designated Regent in 1811 (Channel4). During this era people of the upper class had a great deal of leisure time, and their major task seemed to be to entertain themselves. Some of the more popular amusements of rich and fashionable Regency gentlemen were boxing, cockfighting, and†¦show more content†¦The competition was not finished until one man lay unconscious, and this often took hours (channel 4). Despite the popularity of boxing, cockfighting was still considered to be the period’s most widespread sport. Cockfighting ranged across all social classes. Tournaments were held between gentlemen, often geographically based with one area playing another. The cockpits were a common place where all social classes gathered to place bets and watch the match. Although even the smallest town had a cockpit, Regency gentlemen were known to hold contests at their own estate. This pastime was a common practice and even influenced furniture makers to offer cockfighting chairs (GI). Unlike bare-knuckle bouts between people, cocks were precisely paired by weight in all the more heavily staked cockfights. Human training was elementary when compared to the training of gamecock. The cocks often had bone or metal spurs strapped over the birds beak to insure a fight to the death. Cockfighting began to diminish in England only after The Royal Society for Cruelty to Animals began to bring actions in the late 1830s, based on an 1835 Act against animal cruelty (GI). With boxing and cockfighting’s growing interest, both created an obsession with gambling. Gambling amongst theShow MoreRelatedHow Does Jane Austen Create Negative Feelings Towards Mr. Darcy in the First Few Chapters of Pride and Prejudice?2674 Words   |  11 PagesHow does Jane Austen create negative feelings towards Mr. Darcy in the first few chapters of Pride and Prejudice? Jane Austen wrote her book about life for women in the nineteenth century; the Regency period. For women in this period, life was very unbalanced, women were not perceived as equals and men were superior and had full authority in every aspect of life. There was a clear segregation among men and women and the values they were expected to maintain. It is a truth universally acknowledged

Lgbt History And The Modern Era - 1737 Words

There are many topics prevalent shown throughout history. History books in today’s society highlight the majority of groups of people and historical events. This essay will prove that there is a problematic issue where LGBT lives and existences are being erased throughout history and the modern era. Throughout, it will be explained how these groups of people are being underrepresented within history, major wars, and the modern era. History covers a very broad spectrum of time, with recorded history going as far back as five thousand years. Yet, within this period of five thousand years, history books implemented in school systems rarely give detail to LGBT people (Carter, â€Å"It’s Time to Write LGBT History into the Textbooks†). For example, within America, homosexuality has been shown throughout Native American tribes long before Europeans even stepped foot onto the land. While traditional European beliefs define a person’s sexual identity male or female based on biological determination, Native American’s have a vast variety of how sexuality is viewed. Native Americans believed the Creator created three different genders; males, females and two-spirits, following the Plato model of roles. Gender roles and gender identity mirrored one another, each containing their own magical attributes according to lore. While gender identity defined Native American gender roles, their expectati ons for the two spirits differed. Native American ideology welcomed a third gender and openlyShow MoreRelatedThe Controversy Of The 1969 Stonewall Riots919 Words   |  4 PagesRiots upon the struggle for LGBT+ rights. This potential monograph, entitled â€Å"Riots for Rights: the Debatable Influence of Stonewall,† pursues to furthermore enhance the argument concerning whether the 1969 Stonewall Riots began the public LGBT+ movement for further rights, or if the converse occurred, wherein this momentous protest instead the culminated the LGBT+ efforts of the previous years, merely pushing it further into public discussion. In the modern era, LGBT+ rights still undergo fierceRead MoreA Review Of Gaming s Lgbt Representation1115 Words   |  5 PagesA Review of Gaming’s LGBT Representation â€Å"In Qunandar, Krem would be an Aqun-Athlok. That’s what we call someone born one gender but living like another,† says The Iron Bull. â€Å"And Qunari don’t treat those Aqun people any differently than a real man?† Krem asks. â€Å"They are real men. Just like you are.† The Iron Bull finishes. Above is a conversation between two characters in Bioware’s 2014 smash hit RPG, Dragon Age Inquisition. This conversation took the transgendered community by storm. Krem, second-in-commandRead MoreGay Fathers And Their Children1300 Words   |  6 Pagesof lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) families in mainstream media, exemplified by the long-running sitcom Modern Family, and the 2015 United States Supreme Court’s ruling in favor of same-sex marriage, may lead some to believe LGBT families are a recent phenomenon. Daniel Winunwe Rivers’ Radical Relations: Lesbian Mothers, Gay Fathers, and Their Children in the United States since World War II brilliantly uncovers the previously untold history of same-sex families. Rivers’ main thesisRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage1241 Words   |  5 PagesAs the months pass by, the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community is getting tired of the same arguments in court. They as well as many other Americans are waiting for an answer. 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In 2015, Katie Kapurch of Texas State University revisited Rapunzel with an eye on its more recentRead MoreFreedom Of Speech And Moral Rights2018 Words   |  9 Pagesportray Allah in a negative light, the rationale of portraying a superior being as a human is considered disrespectful to whichever religious affiliation regardless of the superior being involved. This is the case in the context of comedy in the modern era. In hindsight, comedy is based on controversial and/or negative elements. This suggests comedy must discredit one facet of life to generate comical relief to the listener, which may promote cases of racial stereotypes, societal bias, and even genderRead MoreFairy Tales By Anne Sexton1422 Words   |  6 PagesLike all fairy tales, Rapunzel has a history that extends far earlier than the 1800s when it was first transcribed by brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm. However, Rapunzel is a tale that continues to be re-written and re-interpreted even today. From the 1970s with the feminist revitalization of fairy tales to the early 2010s with Disney’s Tangled (2010), this timeless tale continues to engage its listeners. In 2015, Katie Kapurch of Texas State University revisited Rapunzel with an eye on its moreRead MoreThe Broad World Of American Theatre1691 Words   |  7 Pagesevolved significantly to incorporate and present ideas unique to the era in which the plays were produced. To understand the development of contemporary gay cinema, one must first recognize the true definition of LGBTQ theatre. Critic Joe Jeffreys states that â€Å"plays with central characters that are LGBT[Q] or deal in a substantial fashion with themes or issues of same-sex sexuality or transgenderism may safely be considered LGBT[Q] plays or theater† (Jeffreys 1). The definition can further be extendedRead MoreEssay On Londonwood765 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many wonderful reasons to visit England: its lush, green landscapes, its rich history and, of course, the landmarks of London. But, first and foremost, England is part of the island of Great Britain, which means it is filled with beautiful, authentic seaside towns just waiting to be discovered. Whether a traveler is seeking breathtaking views, fresh local seafood or a frothy pint of beer at a charming village pub, the English coast has it all. Here are eight towns along the English coastRead MoreWhy Are Black American Men Against Homosexuality?1313 Words   |  6 Pagesaspect of black Christian Americans. â€Å"Indeed, black clerics who fit the persona of someone willing to demonize LGBTS and were already in sync with the self-righteous white evangelical extremists could be counted on to use their religious influence to persuade their congregants and other members of the black community to go along with the strategy of social exclusion and sexual bias against LGBTs. Eventually, dissenters would emerge from the black political and religious leadership (Stanford 39).† This

The involvement of Northern NGOs with the developing countries Free Essays

In this research paper we look at the involvement of Northern NGOs with the developing countries. They are prime donors of most developing countries programs which are geared towards alleviating the welfare of the masses such as improve health and living condition. Local NGOs have been involved as intermediaries between government and the people. We will write a custom essay sample on The involvement of Northern NGOs with the developing countries or any similar topic only for you Order Now The northern NGOs serve their specific agenda and mandate contrary to what the poor rural urban expect. NORTHERN NGOS Northern NGOs represented international organizations who are donors to developing countries that are are donors such as World Bank and private agencies. Their relation with the south makes it the subject of this research paper. The relationship with governments and nongovernmental organization with them plays a critical role in understanding their mandates and objectives in helping the population in the rural and urban regions. The urban and rural populace has diverse needs ranging from health, unemployment, education, poverty and access to other services. In this respect governments have been unable to provide these services to their community in an effective and wider coverage manner. For instance, in South Africa, 30 % of the population are unemployed and for the 20% of the poorest households, 53% ere unemployed (Adato Haddad 2001, p.1). It is also reported that there is need for job creation in all regions inhabited by the poorest households i.e. urban, metropolitan and rural. Based on these facts the governments of countries in the developing world have focused their programs to alleviate these problems e.g. the welfare of the masses, improve living condition, health and service provision (Li 2005). The programs have achieved different success margins and limitations. Most of government programs are constrained in reaching the people because of bureaucracy, authoritarian rule and high cost of implementation. Since most of the programs are financed by international community (Northern NGOs) and governments. For instance, in Indonesia the World Bank has developed social development programs to help them achieve their mandate and objectives. In order to do these, they have used analysis of the needs of the regions to come up with the plan. Due to constraints in working with the government directly they have supported and strengthened the local NGOs and civil society organizations (CSOs) to advance their objectives (Li 2005). The rationale use includes improving transparency in village planning level, conflict resolution and step sponsorship of NGOs. However NGOs have their own limitations such as the leaders use as a vehicle for reformation of social and political life. The World Bank has used neo-liberal system to ensure ‘good governance’ by instituting a competitive process based on administrative and decentralized structures (Li 2005). More so in order for the region to be eligible for support from World Bank it had to proof that it is pro-poor and is supervised by the World Bank team. According to Arya (1999) he explains the role in which NGOs have worked with their government under the funding of donors (government agencies, private agencies and governments). The common objectives for the collaboration include; access to technical resources, gain legitimacy or recognition from the people, obtain appropriate solution and developmental problems, enhance people’s participation and provide   better accountability, transparency and public reform system (Arya   1999). Donors view NGOs as intermediaries or transitory to government links to people and use them to as instruments of improved service delivery and outreach to the government. The donors see their task as completed when NGOs are involved in the project programs with the government. Most private donors do not support or supervise the selection criterion even when there is resistance from the government. However, they can play a key role in establishing mechanism to bring NGOs so that they have a beneficial effect on service delivery, participation and decentralization (Arya 1999). Northern NGOs for the past decade have increased funding to southern NGOs with due to limitation effectiveness of delivery, reforms, cost efficiency, sustainability and participation from the government. DeGabriele (2002), when studying about improvement of community based management projects. He previewed the World Health Organization commitment to provide access to safe and clean water. But from the experiences gathered two challenges emerged; water accessibility could not be achieved with the rate of population growth and the intended improvements to health were not realized within 1980 – 1990 decade. This becomes the redefinition of the concept of community management within water sector. It was realized that water accessibility could only be achieved with participatory role implemented (DeGabriele 2002). AED (1998) elaborates on the participatory approach used to i.e. the participatory learning and Action approach which involves communities to analyze their needs, identify possible solutions and develop, implement and evaluate the plan of action. In contrast NGOs can have negative implication to the poor because they can use them to legitimize their existence, solicit funds and raise their profile for the disadvantage of the poor. Changes in their positive attitude will go way to bring positive results (AED 1998, Kaiser 2000, p. 6). CONCLUSION Northern NGOs play critical role in financing development programs to developing countries. They have been involved directly or indirectly with government depending on the nature and intensity of the resources used and the origin of the donor. Most private agencies finance the local NGOs who are viewed as intermediaries or transitory link between the government and people. The donors have used them to enhance their agenda and mandate to ensure good governance of project- programs they agree with the government. REFERENCE Adato, M.; Haddad, L, 2001, Poverty targets, community-based public works programs: a cross-disciplinary assessment in South Africa, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Available from: http://www.ifpri.org/divs/fcnd/dp/papers/fcndp121.pdf [8 April 2008] AED, 1998, Empowering communities: participatory techniques for community-based programme development, Academy for Educational Development, Washington DC, Available from: http://pcs.aed.org/empowering.htm [8April 2008] Arya, V, 1999, Towards a relationship of significance: lessons from a decade of collaboration between government and NGOs in Rajasthan, India,   Agricultural Research and Extension Network (AgREN), Available from: http://www.odi.org.uk/agren/papers/agrenpaper_97.pdf [8April 2008] DeGabriele, J, 2002, Improving community based management of boreholes† a case study from Malawi Land Tenure Centre, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Available from http://www2.irc.nl/manage/debate/malawi.html [8April 2008] Kaiser, T, 2000, Participatory beneficiary-based approaches in evaluation of humanitarian programmes, Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit (EPAU), UNHCR, Available from : http://www.unhcr.org/research/RESEARCH/3c7527f91.pdf [8April 2008] Li, T, 2005, The government through community; the World Bank in Indonesia, University of Toronto, Available from: http://www.law.nyu.edu/kingsburyb/fall05/globalization/Li_paper.pdf [8April 2008] How to cite The involvement of Northern NGOs with the developing countries, Essay examples

Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey free essay sample

This is one of the most important ideas of Tintern Abbey. The speaker of this poem has discovered, in his maturity, that his appreciation of natural beauty has allowed him to recognize a divine power in nature. Wordsworth comes up with this idea in Tintern Abbey, and then really explores and develops it. Nature means several things in the context of this poem: it can mean 1) physical nature, or 2) it can mean the sense of unity or connection between everything, or 3) it can refer to a divine presence in Nature, like Mother Nature. Memory and the Past Memorys a funny thing in the world of Tintern Abbey. It works like a portable scrapbook of all of your most amazing experiences with Nature. Having a bad day? Close your eyes and flip to page 44 of your mental scrapbook to call up the image of that visit to the banks of the river Wye! Youll feel better in a jiffy. Part of the process of maturing into the kind of person who can sense the divine presence in nature is knowing when and how to access your memory. Awe and Amazement In Tintern Abbey, the speakers reaction to nature is one of awe. He finds the view from the banks of the river Wye to be jaw-dropping-ly, breathtakingly, almost indescribably beautiful. His breath, at one point, is actually taken away. And once he has his epiphany about the divine presence in all of nature, his awe is turned to a kind of piety. He becomes a devout worshipper of Mother Nature. Transformation Tintern Abbey is a nature poem, and nature is always full of transformations: fruit ripens, seasons change you get the picture. The poem describes the transformation between the young, boyish William and the more mature speaker of the poem; it also imagines the future transformation that will change the present Dorothy (Wordsworths sister) into someone who will have the speakers deep appreciation for Nature. The Beneficial Influence of Nature Throughout Wordsworth’s work, nature provides the ultimate good influence on the human mind. All manifestations of the natural world—from the highest mountain to the simplest flower—elicit noble, elevated thoughts and passionate emotions in the people who observe these manifestations. Wordsworth repeatedly emphasizes the importance of nature to an individual’s intellectual and spiritual development. A good relationship with nature helps individuals connect to both the spiritual and the social worlds. As Wordsworth explains in The Prelude, a love of nature can lead to a love of humankind. In such poems as â€Å"The World Is Too Much with Us† (1807) and â€Å"London, 1802† (1807) people become selfish and immoral when they distance themselves from nature by living in cities. Humanity’s innate empathy and nobility of spirit becomes corrupted by artificial social conventions as well as by the squalor of city life. In contrast, people who spend a lot of time in nature, such as laborers and farmers, retain the purity and nobility of their souls. The Power of the Human Mind Wordsworth praised the power of the human mind. Using memory and imagination, individuals could overcome difficulty and pain. For instance, the speaker in â€Å"Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey† (1798) relieves his loneliness with memories of nature, while the leech gatherer in â€Å"Resolution and Independence† (1807) perseveres cheerfully in the face of poverty by the exertion of his own will. The transformative powers of the mind are available to all, regardless of an individual’s class or background. This democratic view emphasizes individuality and uniqueness. Throughout his work, Wordsworth showed strong support for the political, religious, and artistic rights of the individual, including the power of his or her mind. In the 1802 preface to Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth explained the relationship between the mind and poetry. Poetry is â€Å"emotion recollected in tranquility†Ã¢â‚¬â€that is, the mind transforms the raw emotion of experience into poetry capable of giving pleasure. Later poems, such as â€Å"Ode: Intimations of Immortality† (1807), imagine nature as the source of the inspiring material that nourishes the active, creative mind. The Splendor of Childhood In Wordsworth’s poetry, childhood is a magical, magnificent time of innocence. Children form an intense bond with nature, so much so that they appear to be a part of the natural world, rather than a part of the human, social world. Their relationship to nature is passionate and extreme: children feel joy at seeing a rainbow but great terror at seeing desolation or decay. In 1799, Wordsworth wrote several poems about a girl named Lucy who died at a young age. These poems, including â€Å"She dwelt among the untrodden ways† (1800) and â€Å"Strange fits of passion have I known† (1800), praise her beauty and lament her untimely death. In death, Lucy retains the innocence and splendor of childhood, unlike the children who grow up, lose their connection to nature, and lead unfulfilling lives. The speaker in â€Å"Ode: Intimations of Immortality† believes that children delight in nature because they have access to a divine, immortal world. As children age and reach maturity, they lose this connection but gain an ability to feel emotions, both good and bad. Through the power of the human mind, particularly memory, adults can recollect the devoted connection to nature of their youth. SUMMARY Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey was written in July of 1798 and published as the last poem of Lyrical Ballads, also in 1798. At the age of twenty-three (in August of 1793), Wordsworth had visited the desolate abbey alone. In 1798 he returned to the same place with his beloved sister, Dorothy Wordsworth, who was a year younger. Dorothy is referred to as Friend throughout the poem. Often the poem is simply called Tintern Abbey. The abbreviated title is effective for claritys sake, but it is also misleading, as the poem does not actually take place in the abbey. Wordsworth begins his poem by telling the reader that it has been five years since he has been to this place a few miles from the abbey. He describes the Steep and lofty cliffs, the wild secluded scene, the quiet of the sky, the dark sycamore he sits under, the trees of the orchard, and the pastoral farms with wreaths of smoke billowing from their chimneys. In the fourth stanza, Wordsworth begins by explaining the pleasure he feels at being back in the place that has given him so much joy over the years. He is also glad because he knows that this new memory will give him future happiness: in this moment there is life and food / for future years. He goes on to explain how differently he experienced nature five years ago, when he first came to explore the area. During his first visit he was full of energy. Wordsworth quickly sets his current self apart from the way he was five years ago, saying, That time is past. At first, however, he seems almost melancholy about the change: And all its aching joys are now no more, / And all its dizzy raptures. Over the past five years, he has developed a new approach to nature. As a more sophisticated and wiser person with a better understanding of the sad disconnection of humanity, Wordsworth feels a deeper and more intelligent relationship with nature. Wordsworth is still / A lover of the meadows and the woods, but has lost some of his gleeful exuberance. Instead, he views nature as the anchor of [his] purest thoughts, the nurse, / The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul / of all my moral being. Analysis Published in 1798 in Lyrical Ballads, this poem is widely considered to be one of Wordsworths masterpieces. It is a complex poem, addressing memory, mortality, faith in nature, and familial love. The poems structure is similarly complex, making use of the freedom of blank verse (no rhyming) as well as the measured rhythm of iambic pentameter (with a few notable exceptions). The flow of the writing has been described as that of waves, accelerating only to stop in the middle of a line (caesura). The repetition of sounds and words adds to the ebb and flow of the language, appropriately speaking to the ebb and flow of the poets memories. Divided into five stanzas of different lengths, the poem begins in the present moment, describing the natural setting. Wordsworth emphasizes the act of returning by making extensive use of repetition: Five years have passed; five summers, with the length / Of five long winters! and again I hear / These waters He also uses the phrase once again twice, both times in the middle of a line, breaking the flow of the text. It is in this manner that the reader is introduced to the natural beauty of the Wye River area. Wordsworth seems to value this period of his life, and remembers it with a somewhat nostalgic air, although he admits that in this simpler time (The coarser pleasures of my boyish days), he was not so sophisticated as he is now. In the present, he is weighed down by more serious thoughts. He alludes to a loss of faith and a sense of disheartenment. This transition is widely believed to refer to Wordsworths changing attitude towards the French Revolution. Having visited France at the height of the Revolution, Wordsworth was inspired by the ideals of the Republican movement. Their emphasis on the value of the individual, imagination, and liberty inspired him and filled him with a sense of optimism. By 1798, however, Wordsworth was already losing faith in the movement, as it had by then degenerated into widespread violence. Meanwhile, as France and Britain entered the conflict, Wordsworth was prevented from seeing his family in France and lost his faith in humanitys capacity for harmony. Wordsworth turns to nature to find the peace he cannot find in civilization. Wordsworth goes on to describe a spirit or a being connected with nature that elevates his understanding of the world: And I have felt a presence that disturbs me with the joy. This presence could refer to God or some spiritual consciousness, or it could simply refer to the unified presence of the natural world. In the interconnectedness of nature, Wordsworth finds the sublime harmony that he cannot find in humankind, and for this reason he approaches nature with an almost religious fervor. Like other Romantic poets, Wordsworth imagines that consciousness is built out of subjective, sensory experience. What he hears and sees (of all that we behold / of all the mighty world/ Of eye and ear) creates his perceptions and his consciousness (both what they half-create, / And what perceive). The language of the sensehis sensory experiencesare the building blocks of this consciousness (The anchor of my purest thoughts). Thus, he relies on his experience of nature for both consciousness and all [his] moral being. Form â€Å"Tintern Abbey† is composed in blank verse, which is a name used to describe unrhymed lines in iambic pentameter. Its style is therefore very fluid and natural; it reads as easily as if it were a prose piece. But of course the poetic structure is tightly constructed; Wordsworth’s slight variations on the stresses of iambic rhythms is remarkable. Lines such as â€Å"Here, under this dark sycamore, and view† do not quite conform to the stress-patterns of the meter, but fit into it loosely, helping Wordsworth approximate the sounds of natural speech without grossly breaking his meter. Occasionally, divided lines are used to indicate a kind of paragraph break, when the poet changes subjects or shifts the focus of his discourse. William Wordsworth’s Tintern Abbey: Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey is a poem by William Wordsworth that has a strong, central theme of romanticism. Wordsworth was the pioneer poet in the field of literary philosophy which is now called romanticism. This poem reflects a romantic theme in two main ways. First is that throughout the passage of the entirety of the poem, there is a stressed view point upon imagination and remembrance, and most notably lots of emotion involved in the poem. The second way this poem has a romantic theme is that the poet, Wordsworth, describes/exhibits his love of nature through his many revelations and remembering of memories. Continued, this poem shows lots of imagination and therefore romanticism by the way Wordsworth stresses memories. In the beginning of the poem he remembers the abbey from five years ago and he is reliving the memories. Then he describes how he perceives and longs for the same degree of nature in those five years since he has returned. Later in the poem, the author rejoices in the fact that he can fuel his imagination with new memories of this trip. In terms of the application of emotion, and therefore romanticism, Wordsworth uses many personal adjectives to describe nature around him. Rather than dote upon the size of the mountains and the age rings and the disrepair of the abbey, he takes an alternative viewpoint and uses emotions to show his joy for these things. The author is happy and it shows in the poem, this shows the romantic theme. The romantic theme of the poem also applies in a more simplistic manner in the way that the author longs for and enjoys everything about nature around him. As was noted in the previous sentence, the surrounding area makes him happy. In the poem Wordsworth says, he still loves nature, still loves mountains and pastures and woods, for they anchor his purest thoughts and guard the heart and soul of his moral being.